理解变量提升可以帮助你组织方法作用域。只要记住变量声明和方法声明都会被提升到顶部。变量的定义不会提升，即使你在同一行声明和定义一个变量。变量声明是让系统知道有这个变量存在而定义是给其赋值。

function doTheThing() {
  // ReferenceError: notDeclared is not defined
  console.log(notDeclared);

  // Outputs: undefined
  console.log(definedLater);
  var definedLater;

  definedLater = 'I am defined!'
  // Outputs: 'I am defined!'
  console.log(definedLater)

  // Outputs: undefined
  console.log(definedSimulateneously);
  var definedSimulateneously = 'I am defined!'
  // Outputs: 'I am defined!'
  console.log(definedSimulateneously)

  // Outputs: 'I did it!'
  doSomethingElse();

  function doSomethingElse(){
    console.log('I did it!');
  }

  // TypeError: undefined is not a function
  functionVar();

  var functionVar = function(){
    console.log('I did it!');
  }
}

为了让你的代码更易读，将所有的变量声明在函数的顶端，这样可以更清楚的知道变量来自哪个作用域。在使用变量之前声明变量。将方法定义在函数的底部。